A Statistical Study of Poleward Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Over the African and American Sectors During Geomagnetic Storms

We present statistical results of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) with origin near the geomagnetic equator during storms that occurred within period 2010–2018. Based on storm criteria Kp > 4 and Dst ≤ −50 nT, we have analyzed total electron content perturbations derived from Global Navigational Satellite Systems observations a latitude range 40°S–60°N longitude ranges 20°–40°E 50°–70°W representing African American sectors. Although northern hemispheric part sector has limited data coverage, show launched TIDs do not exceed latitudinal distance 20°–25° their period. A statistically similar result is observed over poleward constrained largely ±20°–30° around equator. Where are available, majority these cases linked to changes in electrodynamics, especially enhancement equatorial electrojet (EEJ), although there other explained by EEJ variability. This indicates may be physical mechanisms play role launching at disturbed conditions. An important large-scale medium-scale been found occur predominantly main recovery phases storms, respectively, least sector.